APPENDIX 5
Wenatchi "Multiple Surveys" Map

Where was the Wenachi Reservation -- or, more accurately, the Wenatchapam Fishery Reserve? The original Wenatchi treaty provision was never honored after a fraudulent survey placed the reservation far from where it should be.

LEGEND:

(A)
Article 10 of the 1855 Walla Walla Treaty guaranteed the Wenatchis a thirty-six square mile reservation at the juncture of the Icicle and Wenatchi Rivers. The "Wenatchapam Fishery" was one of the great fisheries of the Northwest and thousands of salmon were caught there annually by the Wenatchis and their friends and neighbors.

(B)
In 1856 Colonel George Wright marked out the boundaries of the reservation, but the Unites States failed to do the survey. In 1858, Captain J.J. Archer promised to expand the reservation to sixty-four square miles.

(C)
Six miles square or thirty-six square miles, as per item (A).

(D)
Eight miles square or sixty-four square miles, as per item (B).

(E)
1878--General O.O. Howard recommended that the United States formally recognize the Wenatchi reservation.

(F)
July 1892: Yakama Agent Jay Lynch wrote the Commissioner of Indian Affairs asking that the reservation be surveyed. Deputy surveyor Oliver B. Iverson started the survey, but was ordered by Agent Erwin to move the site of the reservation up into the mountains.

In 1885, still without a reservation, many Wenatchis filed for Indian Homesteads for the sites where they were living.

In 1888, a survey of the reservation was finally requested. In 1890 Chief Harmelt asked what had become of the reserve, as white settlers were beginning to move onto the Indians' land.

(G)
1893: Agent Lynch was replaced by Agent L.T. Erwin, who placed the reservation even farther up into the mountains. See the History/Chronology for more details.

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